• Hormonal changes in women such as before or during menstrual periods, menopause, etc.
• Hormonal medications, such as oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy
• Drinks that include alcohol, especially wine, and too much caffeine, such as coffee
• Stress of any type
• Sensory stimuli like bright lights and strong sunlight can induce migraines. Loud sound and strong smell including perfume, paint thinner, can trigger migraine
• Sleep changes like less sleep or too much sleep
• Intense physical exertion
• Weather changes
• Foods like aged cheese and salty and processed foods
• Skipping meals or fasting
• Food additives like sweetener aspartame and the preservative monosodium glutamate (MSG), etc.
